Ajay Gandhi: All about EC2

What is AWS EC2 and Why It is Important?

AWS EC2 is a cloud computing service that enables customers to launch, run, and terminate applications on Amazon Web Services. It provides a platform for building, deploying, and scaling web applications. AWS EC2 is important because it makes it easy for businesses to get started with cloud computing. It's also a good choice for larger businesses that need more resources and flexibility.

1. What is AWS EC2?

AWS EC2 is a service offered by Amazon to help customers to host compute services in their IT environment as a part of cloud computing. Amazon EC2 removes all of the manual setup typically involved in running virtual servers. It gives you full control over your computing resources, which you can scale as needed.

You may find this interesting: how to create EC2.

2. What is the full form of EC2?

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud

3. What is an Instance in EC2?

An instance is a virtual server running apps on AWS EC2. An instance may represent a small segment of a single machine, that has a separate hard drive or OS, etc. From one physical machine you may have multiple little computers (Virtual machines) which are referred to as Instances.

4. Why do we use EC2?

Amazon EC2 allows you to create as many or as few virtual servers as you need, manage security and networking, and configure storage in real time. Amazon EC2 lets you scale up or Scale down your workload as needed to meet changing business requirements. This way, you’re able to manage unexpected surges without sacrificing availability.

5. What do you mean by Spot instances in AWS EC2?

AWS Spot Instances let you make use of unused EC2 capacity on the AWS cloud. You can get Spot Instances at up to 90% off On-Demand prices. Spot Instances can be used for a variety of stateless, fault-tolerant, or flexible applications, such as big data, containerized workloads, etc.

6. What is Reserved instances in AWS EC2?

Reserved Instances are provided by Amazon Web Services (AWS) for customers to use for a variety of tailor-made uses. Amazon provides EC2 Reserved Instances at an hourly rate as well as an optional reservation of capacity for such instances at the same time.

7. Explain the benefits of AWS EC2.

Reliability: Each Amazon EC2 region in the Amazon Web Services network has an SLA of 99.9% availability. Thus, instance replacement is simple and fast.
Security: Amazon implements Amazon VPC to deliver stable networking and security. The compute instances reside in a virtual private cloud (VPC) that is logically partitioned with a specific IP range.
Flexibility: Choosing an EC2 instance can involve different factors such as types, software packages, instance storage, and operating systems. You can configure the memory, CPU, and boot partition size to suit the operating system and application.
Cost Saving: EC2 is cost-effective because it enables consumers to configure plans to suit their needs. This will allow them to save money and maximize their resources. Amazon has such great savings because the power and scale of their EC2 instance is significantly lower in cost, compared to the other cloud providers.

8. What are the categories available in Reserved instances in AWS?

Standard RIs

They are ready to be used on a steady stage. There is a 75% discount on their On-Demand instances.

Convertible RIs

If you create another RI of equal or greater value in exchange, you can adjust RI’s attributes. You can also use convertible RIs for steady-state computations. For On-Demand instances, they offer discounts up to 54%.

Scheduled RIs

By utilizing recurring, predictable RIs, you can schedule your capacity reservations to be completed within only a few days, weeks, or months. You can activate scheduled RIs at any time within your allocated timeframe.

9. Why EC2 is Important?

No need of any hardware.
Scalable up and down.
Pay for what you use.
Full control on machine.
Secure
Accessible from anywhere in the world via internet enabled device.

10. What is the AWS EC2 instance classification?

On-Demand Instances
Spot instances
Reserved Instances (RI)

11. Is Amazon EC2 IaaS or PaaS?

EC2 is IaaS (infrastructure as as service)

12. Explain the Basic Structure of AWS Ec2 Service ?

Instances- Instances are servers hosted in the AWS cloud using the EC2 services.
AMI – AMI provides you the templates with an operating system and application pre-configured to reduce the chances of errors.
EBS- A block-level storage device that you can attach to a single EC2 instance, EBS volume is a durable way to increase the disk space.
Security Group- A security group provides a way to block the traffic of a particular machine from other network-connected computers for the security of the EC2 instance.
IAM- Identity and Access Management, or IAM role, is used for managing access of AWS.
VPC- AWS’ Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) allows you to set up a virtual network that AWS resources can then join.
Load Balancers- Load Balancing distributes the incoming application or network traffic across multiple targets, such as Amazon EC2 instances, containers, and IP addresses, in multiple Availability Zones.
Cloud Watch- The Amazon CloudWatch tool monitors all of your AWS resources and apps, collecting data and tracking variables in real time.

13. What is AMI in AWS EC2?

The Amazon Machine Image is a special type of virtual appliance used to create a virtual machine within the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud. The AMI is the unit of deployment for services delivered through EC2.

14. What are regions and availability zones in AWS EC2?

Amazon EC2 is deployed at several locations throughout the world, each of which includes regions and Availability Zones. The regions are actually different geographical areas. There are many individual places in each region called Availability Zones.

15. What Is Security Group In Amazon Ec2 ?

When added to an instance, security groups function as a firewall, controlling the incoming and outgoing traffic of that instance.

16. Explain the Best Practices For Amazon Ec2 ?

To receive the most benefits and satisfactions from and in Amazon EC2:

Security and Network Best Practices
Storage
Resource Management
Backup and Recovery

17. What is the use of a Key Pair?

With key pairs, users can log in to their instances securely. Public-key cryptography is utilized to keep information such as login credentials safe.

18. Can we create our own AMI if yes how?

Yes we can create our own AMI, you can Launch an instance from a public AMI and save it to use for your own project as a custom AMI.

19. Can you Change Private IP Addresses On An EC2 in an Aws VPC when it is in a running state?

A primary private IP address cannot be changed, but secondary private addresses can be moved between interfaces or instances at any time.

20. What happens when an EC2 Instance is rebooted?

A reboot is like restarting a computer. The hard disk isn‘t affected. You don‘t get the image‘s original state back, but the hard disk’s contents revert to the original.

1. Name the three basic types of Cloud Services?

Answer : Cloud Services can be mainly classified into three types, namely,

Storage
Networking
Computing

2. Explain the relation between availability region and zone?

Answer : The distinct geographical areas are referred to as availability regions.

For example - Asia South (Chennai) and US West 1 ( North Washington).

However, the sites included under these regions are called availability zones.

Usually, only isolated regions are included, capable of replicating themselves as per requirement.

3. Name the types of queues in SQS?

Answer : The two known types of queues in SQS are as follows

FIFO Queues
Standard Queues

4. Name the various product categories available under AWS?

Answer : We can categorize the following as top products under AWS:

Analytics
Identity
Security
Compliance
Storage
Database
Machine learning

5. Under AWS, mention the snow family members?

Answer : The members of the snow family include

AWS Snowmobile
AWS Snowcone
AWS Snowball

6. Name the attacks which the AWS Shield can prevent?
Answer : The AWS shield safeguards the Amazon EC2 from common infrastructure layer and the DDoS attacks like UDP reflection attacks, such as NTP reflection, DNS reflection, SSDP reflection, etc.
7. Name the cheapest AWS region?
The US standard falls among the cheapest AWS regions in the World.
8. What can be the maximum possible size of an S3 bucket?
Answer : 5TB is the maximum possible size of an S3 bucket.
9. Name the available regions in AWS?
Answer : The AWS services can be availed across 18 regions across South America, North America, Asia Pacific, and the EU.
10. Name the most popular AWS services?
Answer :
1. Amazon Glacier
2. Amazon SNS
3. Amazon Kinesis
4. Amazon VPC
5. Amazon CloudFront
6. Amazon S3
7. Amazon Lambda
11. Name the various Amazon EC2 instances?
Answer: The various types of Amazon EC2 instances include
1. Accelerated Computing
2. Compute-optimized Instances
3. Memory-optimized
4. Storage Optimized
5. General-purpose Instances.
  
  What is EC2?
  Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) is a web service interface that provides resizable compute capacity in the AWS cloud. It is designed for developers to have complete control over web-scaling and computing resources.
  EC2 instances can be resized and the number of instances scaled up or down as per our requirement. These instances can be launched in one or more geographical locations or regions, and Availability Zones (AZs). Each region comprises of several AZs at distinct locations, connected by low latency networks in the same region.
  
  What are the features of Amazon EC2?
  - Bare Metal instances- Amazon EC2 bare metal instances provide your applications with direct access to the processor and memory of the underlying server.Bare metal instances are built on the Nitro system, a collection of AWS-built hardware offload and hardware protection components that come together to securely provide high performance networking and storage resources to EC2 instances.
  - Pause and Resume Your Instances- You will not be charged for instance usage while your instance is hibernated. Storage is charged at standard EBS rates. For more information about hibernation, and supported instance types and operating systems.
  - High I/O Instances- High I/O I3 and I3en instances are backed by Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) based SSDs, and are ideally suited for customers running very high performance NoSQL databases, transactional systems, and Elastic Search workloads. High I/O instances also offer sequential disk throughput up to 16 GB/s, which is ideal for analytics workloads.
  - Flexible Storage Options- Amazon EBS provides persistent, highly available, consistent, low-latency block storage volumes for use with Amazon EC2 instances. Each Amazon EBS volume is automatically replicated within its Availability Zone to protect you from component failure, offering high availability and durability. It is designed for application managers who need to tune workloads for capacity, performance and cost.
  - Elastic IP Addresses- Elastic IP addresses are static IP addresses designed for dynamic cloud computing. An Elastic IP address is associated with your account not a particular instance, and you control that address until you choose to explicitly release it.
  - Enhanced Networking- This feature uses a new network virtualization stack that provides higher I/O performance and lower CPU utilization compared to traditional implementations. In order to take advantage of Enhanced Networking, you should launch an HVM AMI in VPC, and install the appropriate driver.

Ajay Gandhi

Saturday, 4 February 2023

All about EC2