Predictive Approach ,Adaptive Approach and Hybrid Approach of Project Management

 

Pointwise Summary with Examples

1. Two Main Approaches to Project Management:

• Predictive Approach (also known as Waterfall or Traditional Method).
• Adaptive Approach (commonly known as Agile or Iterative Method).

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2. Predictive Approach:

• Definition: Focuses on detailed planning and fixed scope, with sequential execution of tasks.
• Key Characteristics:
  • Extensive upfront planning.
  • Well-defined scope, objectives, timeline, and deliverables.
  • Limited flexibility; changes are controlled through a formal change control process.
  • Sequential execution of tasks.
  • Heavy emphasis on documentation.
• Example:
  • Construction Project:
    • Building a 50-story skyscraper requires fixed plans and permits upfront. You cannot change the number of floors midway without redesigning the structure.
    • Tasks must be completed sequentially (e.g., you cannot build the 52nd floor before completing the 20th).

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3. Adaptive Approach:

• Definition: Flexible and iterative, allowing scope to evolve as the project progresses.
• Key Characteristics:
  • Emphasizes continuous feedback and collaboration.
  • Scope is progressively elaborated and can change throughout the project.
  • Iterative and incremental development.
  • The team is self-organized and adapts based on customer feedback.
  • The project manager acts as a servant leader rather than controlling scope.
• Examples:
  • Software Development:
    • Building a social media platform starts with text posting, evolves to include photo sharing, and later incorporates video uploads based on customer feedback.
  • Iterative Development:
    • A car prototype is built, feedback is gathered, and iterations are made until the final version meets customer expectations.
  • Incremental Development:
    • An accounting system is developed and released in phases: first accounts receivable, then accounts payable, and finally payroll.

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4. Hybrid Approach:

• Definition: Combines elements of both predictive and adaptive methods.
• Key Characteristics:
  • Some parts of the project use predictive methods, while others use adaptive methods.
• Example:
  • Building Design:
    • The building’s architectural design is done iteratively, incorporating client feedback (adaptive).
    • The construction process follows a traditional, sequential approach (predictive).

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5. Key Differences Between Predictive and Adaptive:

• Scope:
  • Predictive: Fixed and well-defined upfront.
  • Adaptive: Evolving and redefined throughout the project.
• Flexibility:
  • Predictive: Limited changes, controlled through formal processes.
  • Adaptive: Embraces change and collaboration with stakeholders.
• Execution:
  • Predictive: Sequential execution of tasks.
  • Adaptive: Iterative or incremental development with frequent feedback.

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6. Applications in Real-World Projects:

• Predictive:
  • Large infrastructure projects like skyscrapers or bridges.
• Adaptive:
  • Software and product development where requirements evolve over time.
• Hybrid:
  • A combination of both, such as designing a building iteratively but constructing it sequentially.

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7. Future of Project Management:

• Many modern projects use a hybrid approach.
• Understanding both predictive and adaptive methods is crucial for managing projects in today’s dynamic environment.

This balanced integration ensures project success by adapting to customer needs while maintaining structured progress where necessary.